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COPPER AND ZINC LEVELS AND Cu/Zn RATIO IN SERUM AND IN TISSUE OF RENAL CELL CARCINOMA IN HUMANS
Article published in Urologia Polska 2000/53/1.

authors

Zygmunt Dobrowolski 1, Tomasz Drewniak 1, T. Cichocki 2, Wojciech Kwiatek 3
1 Katedra i Klinika Urologii Collegium Medicum Uniwersytetu Jagiellońskiego
Kierownik: dr hab. med. Z. Dobrowolski
2 Katedra Histologii Collegium Medicum Uniwersytetu Jagiellońskiego
Kierownik: prof. dr hab. med. T. Cichocki
3 Instytut Fizyki J±drowej im. H. Niewodniczańskiego w Krakowie
Kierownik: dr hab. Z. Stachura

keywords

kidney RCC carcinogenesis Cu/Zn ratio

summary

Introduction. At present, 25% to 40% of patients with Clinically localized renal
cell carcinoma (RCC) have unpredictable recurrence after surgical therapy.
Presently, no clinical serum marker exists to allow measurements of response
to therapy in RCC. Significantly increased copper concentration and decreased
zinc concentration in serum were found in diverse malignancies in humans
lung and breast cancer, haematological malignancies
in serum was io.und to be of great value in prognosis and therapy in these
patients.
Method. An SRIXE (Synchrotron Induced X-ray Emission) was used to measure
concentration of the tracę elernents in this study. This physical analytical
methods allows to defect concentrations about 10 ppb (partes per billion). Blood
was collected from 15 patients before surgery. TNM classification was made in
this group (T2- 4, T3- 7, T4- 4). The data were compared with concentration of
copper and zinc in 8 healthy subjects. The levels of this tracę elernents were
obtained from 36 cases of renal cell carcinoma. Results were compared with 15
controls kidney cortex tissue obtained during autopsy in which cause of death
was trauma. The non-parametric statistical analysis was used (Kruskal-Wallis,
Friedman and McNemar statistical test).
Results. Serum level of copper in RCC patients was significantly elevated with
elevated ratio Cu/Zn as well. This increase was correlated with clinical TNM
stage. The obtained copper and zinc levels in malignant tissue were significantly
decreased. Correlation between Cu/Zn ratio in tissue and staging and grading
was not found. The only statistically significant deference in concentration of
the zinc was found between T4 and T2. There was no correlation in tracę elernents
levels in tissue and serum in RCC patients.
Conclusion. The abnormalities in copper and zinc metabolisms in malignancies
was also found in RCC patients, but clinical importance re±uires further
investigation in a bigger group of patients.

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