PTU - Polskie Towarzystwo Urologiczne
list of articles:

Historical background of endoscopic procedures employed in urology
Article published in Urologia Polska 2001/54/1.

authors

Roman Sosnowski, Tomasz Demkow, Wojciech Rogowski. Tomasz Chwaliński, Piotr Marczyński, Tomasz Kalinowski
Klinika Nowotworów Układu Moczowego
Centrum Onkologii, Instytut im. M. Skłodowskicj-Curie w Warszawie
Kierownik: drmed. Tomasz Demkow

keywords

history of urology, cystoscopc

summary

The history of medicine has witnessed events, which became crucial moments of the development of medical sciences in a special way. Invention of ether narcosis, introduction of the principles of antisepsis allowed surgeons to act boldly. One of the most important moments in the history of urology was the invention of cystoscopc. The instrument initialised the development of instrumental examination of internal organs - endoscopy, which in particular brought about the emergence of a new, independent field of surgery - urology. In the present work the authors traced the evolution of the methods of endoscopy of the urinary system. In the beginning of the 19th century. Bozzini introduced the instalment called lichtleiter, then Segalas presented the urethro-cyctic speculum allowing for viewing the urethra and the bladder. Another improvement was the utilisation by Desormeaux of the flame of a lamp as the source of light, placed between a mirror and lenses. A giant step for endoscopy was the construction of cystoscopc by Nitzc, by placing the source of light in the form of a glowing platinum wire at one end of the endoscope. The subsequent stages were: improvements of the optical systems, introduction of movable lever by Albarran, improvement of the technological solutions employed in the cystoscopc. or introduction of an electrode by Kidd in order to burn out alterations in the bladder. The presented historical background of pcr-urethral techniques makes us realize what an important step it was in the history of medicine and, in particular, urology.

references

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correspondence

Roman Sosnowski
Klinika Nowotworów Układu Moczowego Centrum Onkologii,
Instytut im. M. Sklodowskiej-Curie w Warszawie ul. Roentgena 5, 02-781 Warszawa